Human stem cell study shows benefits in restoring memory and learning

Scientists from the University of Wisconsin-Madison have carried out a test using mice that shows the potential of human stem cells to restore the ability to learn and remember among brain-damaged patients.

Using a strain of mice able to accept transplants from other species, the team utilised human embryonic stem cells to form two common and vital types of neurons, which communicate with the chemicals GABA or acetylcholine.

As these neuron types are involved in many kinds of psychological issues – including behaviour, emotions, learning, memory and addiction – it is believed they could offer potential in treating various conditions.

Indeed, the test showed that mice receiving these stem cells scored significantly better on common tests of learning and memory.

Senior author Su-Chun Zhang, a professor of neuroscience and neurology at the university, said: "Cholinergic neurons are involved in Alzheimer's and Down's syndrome, but GABA neurons are involved in many additional disorders, including schizophrenia, epilepsy, depression and addiction."

It was also announced this week that the Scripps Research Institute has discovered a new way of turning bone marrow stem cells directly into brain cells using a particular type of antibody.