Scientists identify key first steps in pancreatic cancer formation

A team of US researchers have identified important initial molecular steps that play a key role in the development of pancreatic cancer formation.

Published in an online issue of Cancer Discovery, the Mayo Clinic study described the biological steps necessary for acinar cells in the pancreas – the cells that release digestive enzymes – to develop into precancerous lesions.

Kras proteins in the acinar cells were shown to induce expression of a molecule, ICAM-1, which attracts macrophages, a specific kind of immune cell. These inflammatory macrophages then release proteins that loosen the structure of the cells, allowing acinar cells to morph into precancerous pancreatic lesions.

The findings suggest potential preventive strategies to explore, with a neutralising antibody that blocks ICAM-1 having already been developed.

Study lead investigator Dr Peter Storz said: "Understanding the crosstalk between acinar cells with Kras mutations and the microenvironment of those cells is key to developing targeted strategies to prevent and treat this cancer."

Around 8,800 people are diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in the UK each year, making it the 11th most common form of the condition.