New synthetic approach to ACL reconstruction shows promise

A new type of synthetic graft for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction has been developed that could offer numerous functional benefits over traditional treatment approaches.

Northwestern University researchers have developed this new technology by combining three components – polyester fibres braided to increase strength and toughness, an innovative antioxidant and porous biomaterial, and calcium nanocrystals.

This system is able to integrate with the native bone, promoting the growth of new ligament tissue and stabilising the knee. The approach has already been shown to be successful in animal trials.

Currently, ACL injuries are often treated using bone-patellar tendon-bone grafts, in which part of the patellar tendon is removed to replace the damaged ligament. However, these grafts are often associated with a high incidence of knee pain and discomfort.

Guillermo Ameer, professor of biomedical engineering at Northwestern University's McCormick School of Engineering and professor of surgery at the Feinberg School of Medicine, said: "By saving the patient's patellar tendon and using an off-the-shelf product, one may have a better chance of preserving the natural biomechanics of the knee."

ACL injuries are the most common type of knee injury, accounting for around 40 percent of all sports injuries. If the ligament is torn, it can limit the person's range of movement in future.