New stem cells show bone and cartilage regeneration potential

Research from the US has identified stem cells in mice that could be used to regenerate bone and cartilage.

Called osteochondroreticular (OCR) stem cells, they were discovered by tracking a protein expressed by the cells. Using this marker, the Columbia University Medical Center team found they were able to self-renew and generate key cells such as osteoblasts and chondrocytes.

The study also revealed that OCR stem cells, when transplanted to a fracture site, can contribute to bone repair, meaning they could be exploited to treat osteoarthritis and osteoporosis.

Researchers believe that equivalent stem cells could also be found in human bone tissue, as mice and humans have similar bone biology.

Dr  Timothy Wang, professor of medicine at the Columbia University Medical Center, said: "Our findings raise the possibility that drugs or other therapies can be developed to stimulate the production of OCR stem cells and improve the body's ability to repair bone injury."

Osteoarthritis is the most common form of joint disease, while osteoporosis is also a highly prevalent affliction, particularly among postmenopausal women.